ChatGPT has increasingly become an important technological tool for content marketing by helping businesses create, modify, personalise, and distribute marketing content more efficiently. However, concerns about the quality, authenticity, credibility, and trustworthiness of AI-generated content continue to raise questions about its effectiveness among consumers. This study examined the impact of ChatGPT on content marketing effectiveness and consumer trust in Nigeria, with specific focus on quality of marketing content, consumer engagement, and consumer trust. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted for the study. Data were collected from consumers who had encountered or interacted with ChatGPT-generated marketing content using a structured questionnaire titled ChatGPT, Content Marketing Effectiveness and Consumer Trust Questionnaire (CCMECTQ). The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis with the aid of SPSS Version 26 at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that ChatGPT has a significant positive influence on the quality of marketing content produced by businesses in Nigeria. The study also found that ChatGPT significantly affects consumer engagement with marketing content, while ChatGPT-generated marketing content has a significant positive influence on consumer trust. The study concludes that ChatGPT can contribute positively to content marketing by improving the quality of marketing content, encouraging consumer engagement, and strengthening consumer trust when appropriately applied. It recommends that businesses should use ChatGPT to develop relevant and engaging marketing content while maintaining human review to ensure accuracy, authenticity, and cultural relevance.

Pastoralism supports livestock production, household livelihoods and the use of variable rangeland resources in the dryland counties of Kenya. However, its contribution to productivity, income, food security and resilience is constrained by interacting environmental, institutional and economic pressures. This paper examines these constraints through a critical narrative review of 24 sources published between 2020 and 2025, combining dryland counties-specific research with Kenyan, regional and international evidence. Sources were identified through targeted searches of publisher platforms, institutional repositories and official agency websites and assessed for geographical relevance, methodological transparency and the distinction between observed outcomes and policy intentions. The synthesis identifies recurrent drought and heat stress, inadequate access to forage and water, restricted mobility, land-use change, insecurity, livestock disease, weak market coordination, financial exclusion, uneven service provision and socially differentiated adaptive capacity as factors of concern. These factors impact pastoralism through three connected processes: deterioration of livestock condition and reproduction; restriction of access to resources, services and markets; and erosion of household assets and recovery capacity. The review argues that poor outcomes cannot be explained by climatic exposure alone or treated as evidence that pastoralism is inherently unproductive. Performance depends on whether the institutions and services surrounding livestock production support flexible resource use and timely risk management. A proposed intervention framework combines negotiated grazing access, animal-health services, anticipatory finance, transparent markets and inclusive governance. Longitudinal research is required to test the relative importance of these pathways and distinguish viable diversification from involuntary withdrawal from pastoral production.